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Soyuz T-5

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Soyuz T-5[1]
COSPAR ID1982-042A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.13173
Mission duration106 days, 5 hours, 6 minutes, 11 seconds
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeSoyuz-T
ManufacturerNPO Energia
Launch mass6,850 kilograms (15,100 lb)
Crew
Crew size2 up
3 down
LaunchingAnatoli Berezovoy
Valentin Lebedev
LandingLeonid Popov
Aleksandr Serebrov
Svetlana Savitskaya
CallsignЭльбру́с (Elbrus)
Start of mission
Launch dateMay 13, 1982, 09:58:05 (1982-05-13UTC09:58:05Z) UTC
RocketSoyuz-U
Launch siteBaikonur 1/5
End of mission
Landing dateAugust 27, 1982, 15:04:16 (1982-08-27UTC15:04:17Z) UTC
Landing site225 kilometres (140 mi) E of Dzhezkazgan
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude190 kilometres (120 mi)
Apogee altitude231 kilometres (144 mi)
Inclination51.6 degrees
Period89.7 minutes
Docking with Salyut 7
USSR Stamp 1983 Soyuz T-5 Salyut7 Soyuz T-7 Cosmonauts
Elbrus crew
Soyuz programme
(Crewed missions)

Soyuz T-5 was a human spaceflight into Earth orbit[2] to the then new Salyut 7 space station in 1982.[1] While the Soyuz-T was docked it received visits from the uncrewed Progress 13 resupply spacecraft, and the crewed Soyuz T-6 and Soyuz T-7.[1]

The first crew hand launched an amateur radio satellite, the T-6 mission included a visiting Frenchman, and T-7 included the first woman in space in 20 years.[1] It was the first mission to Salyut 7, but more than one spacecraft could be docked to S7 at a time, which is why the later missions could overlap with Soyuz T-5.[1] The spacecraft launched with two people ("Elbrus crew"), and returned with three ("Dnieper crew").[1]

Crew

[edit]
Position Launching crew Landing crew
Commander Soviet Union Anatoli Berezovoy[1]
Only spaceflight 		Soviet Union Leonid Popov
Third and last spaceflight
Flight Engineer Soviet Union Valentin Lebedev[1]
Second and last spaceflight 		Soviet Union Aleksandr Serebrov
First spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut None Soviet Union Svetlana Savitskaya
First spaceflight

Backup crew

[edit]
Position Crew
Commander Soviet Union Vladimir Titov
Flight Engineer Soviet Union Gennady Strekalov

Mission parameters

[edit]
  • Mass: 6850 kg
  • Perigee: 190 km
  • Apogee: 231 km
  • Inclination: 51.6°
  • Period: 89.7 minutes

Mission highlights

[edit]

This was the first (1st) expedition to the new Salyut 7 space station, launched into Earth orbit earlier in 1982.[1] Salyut 7 was similar to the Salyut 6 (1977–1982) space station it superseded, but featured a number of improvements.[1] The Soyuz T-5 spacecraft docked with Salyut 7 in orbit, and it was visited by the 2nd and 3rd expeditions to the space station.[1] One advantage the new Salyut 7 station had over Salyut 6, was continuously available hot water.[1]

The Elbrus crew ejected a 28-kg amateur radio satellite from a Salyut 7 trash airlock on May 17, 1982.[1] The Soviets called this the first launch of a communications satellite from a crewed space vehicle. They did this ahead of the launch of two large geostationary satellites from the U.S. Space Shuttle (STS-5, November 11–16, 1982).[1]

On May 25, the Elbrus crew reoriented Salyut 7 so the aft end of the Progress pointed toward Earth. This placed the station in gravity-gradient stabilization. Lebedev remarked in his diary that the attitude control jets were “very noisy,” and that they sounded like “hitting a barrel with a sledgehammer.” Of Salyut 7 during the unpacking of Progress 13, Lebedev said, “It looks like we’re getting ready to move or have just moved to a new apartment.” The following day the Elbrus crew closed the hatch from the work compartment into the intermediate compartment so the TsUP could pump fuel from Progress 13 to Salyut 7. The crew monitored the operation but played little active role in it. May 29 was spent organizing the supplies delivered. At the same time, according to Lebedev, “we filled the resupply ship with what we don’t need and tied them down with ropes. When I enter the resupply ship, it jingles with a metallic sound, so when we separate it will sound like a brass band.” Progress 13 pumped 300 liters of water aboard on May 31. On June 2 Progress 13 lowered the station's orbit to 300 km to receive Soyuz T-6.

In July, Valentin Lebedev, in charge of the plant experiments, reported that the Arabidopsis plants, chosen for their short 40-day lifecycle, had become the first plants to flower and produce seeds in the zero gravity of space, a Guinness World Record.

End of T-5

[edit]
Dneiper crew

The Soyuz T-5 spacecraft was undocked in August 1982, leaving Salyut 7 and Soyuz T-7 spacecraft in orbit.[1] The spacecraft returned to Earth successfully with Popov, Serebrov and Savitskaya, also called the "Dneiper crew".[1][3] The Soyuz T-5 had been in space six weeks.[4]

The initial "Elbrus crew", would return to Earth in the Soyuz T-7 spacecraft in December 1982.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q David Portree - Mir Hardware Heritage (1995) - Page 90-95 - NASA RP1357 Archived 2009-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-T-5.htm
  3. ^ www.spacefacts.de = Human Spaceflights: International Flight-No. 81
  4. ^ Rex Hall; David Shayler (2003). Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 298. ISBN 978-1-85233-657-8.
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