1814 in literature

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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1814.

Events

January 14 (January 2 O.S.) – The Imperial Public Library in Saint Petersburg opens to the public.Elena Valentinovna Barkhatova; Paul Williams; I︠U︡. S. Pamfilov (1995). The National Library of Russia, 1795-1995. Liki Rossii. pp. 10–18. ISBN 9785874170158.</ref>^[1]
January 26 – Actor Edmund Kean makes his London début in the leading rôle of Shylock at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.^[2]
February 1 – Lord Byron's semi-autobiographical tale in verse The Corsair is published by John Murray in London and sells 10,000 copies on this day^[3] and over 25,000 in the first month, going through seven editions. His Lara sells 6,000 copies on publication in the summer.^[4] Walter Scott is to say of Byron's poetry: "He beat me out of the field in description of the stronger passions and in deep-seated knowledge of the human heart."
July 7 – Walter Scott's Waverley, his first work of fiction and a major early historical novel in English, is published anonymously by Archibald Constable in Edinburgh, a week after Scott finishes it. It sells out in two days.^[5]
July 28–September 13 – English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley abandons his pregnant wife and runs away to France and Switzerland with the 16-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, accompanied by her stepsister Jane Clairmont, also 16.^[6]
August 24 – Burning of Washington (War of 1812): The British burn the original Library of Congress, at this time housed in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.
September 12–15 – Battle of Baltimore (War of 1812): American lawyer Francis Scott Key, witnessing the bombardment of Baltimore, Maryland, from a British ship, writes "Defence of Fort McHenry". His brother-in-law arranges to have the poem published in a broadside with a recommended tune on September 17; on September 20 both the Baltimore Patriot and The American print it. The song quickly becomes popular – seventeen newspapers from Georgia to New Hampshire reprint it. In 1931, it is adopted as "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem of the United States.^[7]
September 21 After arrangements have been made for the United States Library of Congress, destroyed in August's Burning of Washington, to be re-stocked by purchase of the personal library of ex-President Thomas Jefferson, Jefferson writes to Samuel H. Smith, saying that there is "no subject to which a Member of Congress may not have occasion to refer".^[8]
November 29 – In London, The Times newspaper is printed using a revolutionary steam press for the first time.^[9] It runs at a rate of 1100 copies per hour.
Late – The first edition of the second volume of the Brothers Grimm's Grimms' Fairy Tales appears, dated 1815.
unknown dates
- The earliest known printed Arabic language version of One Thousand and One Nights begins publication in Calcutta by the British East India Company.
- Alfred de Vigny enrols as an officer in the Maison du Roi, the King's guard of Louis XVIII of France.^[10]

New books

Fiction

Jane Austen (anonymously) – Mansfield Park^[11]
Fanny Burney – The Wanderer: or, Female Difficulties (last novel)
Mary Brunton – Discipline
Adelbert von Chamisso – Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte (Peter Schlemihl's Miraculous Story)
Selina Davenport – The Hypocrite
Maria Edgeworth – Patronage
Pierce Egan – The Mistress of Royalty
Jane Harvey
- Auberry Stanhope
- Ethelia: a Tale
Ann Hatton – Conviction
Laetitia Matilda Hawkins – Rossane; or A Father's Labour Lost
William Henry Hitchener – The Towers of Ravenswold
Christian Isobel Johnstone – The Saxon and the Gaël
Mary Meeke – Conscience
Lady Morgan – O'Donnell
Anna Maria Porter – The Recluse of Norway
Regina Maria Roche – Trecothick Bower
Walter Scott – Waverley
Louisa Stanhope – Madelina: A Tale Founded on Facts
Takizawa Bakin (Kyokutei Bakin, 曲亭馬琴) – Nansō Satomi Hakkenden (南總里見八犬傳, The Eight Dog Chronicles, publication begins)
Elizabeth Thomas – The Prison-House
Jane West – Alicia de Lacy

Children

Maria Elizabeth Budden – Always Happy!!: Or, Anecdotes of Felix and his Sister Serena. A Tale
Barbara Hofland – Emily and Her Friends
Mary Martha Sherwood – The History of Little Henry and his Bearer

Drama

Leigh Hunt – The Descent of Liberty
René Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt – The Dog of Montarges
James Kenney – Debtor and Creditor
Robert Francis Jameson – Love and Gout
Richard Lalor Sheil – Adelaide
Henry Siddons – Policy

Poetry

Lord Byron
- The Corsair
- Lara
Henry Cary – translation of Dante's Divine Comedy (complete in blank verse)
Adam Oehlenschlager – Helge
William Wordsworth – The Excursion

Non-fiction

Elizabeth Craven – Letters from the Right Honorable Lady Craven to his Serene Highness the Margrave of Anspach during her travels through France, Germany and Russia in 1785 and 1786
Thomas Hartwell Horne – Introduction to the Study of Bibliography
Legh Richmond – The Dairyman's Daughter (religious tract about Elizabeth Wallbridge)
Percy Bysshe Shelley – A Refutation of Deism
Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert – Die Symbolik der Traüme (The Symbolism of Dreams)

Births

January 15 – Pierre-Jules Hetzel (P. J. Stahl), French publisher and young people's writer (died 1886)
January 17 – Mrs. Henry Wood (Ellen Price), English novelist (died 1887)
February 18 – Samuel Fenton Cary, American author and prohibitionist (died 1900)
March 9 (February 25 O.S.) – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (died 1861)
March 13 – Edward Backhouse Eastwick, Anglo-Indian orientalist and translator (died 1883)^[12]
June 8 – Charles Reade, English novelist and dramatist (died 1884)^[13]
July 23 – George W. M. Reynolds, English popular novelist (died 1879)
August 14 – Charlotte Fowler Wells, phrenologist and publisher (died 1901)
August 28 – Sheridan le Fanu, Irish Gothic writer (died 1873)
September 17 – Ferenc Pulszky, Hungarian writer and politician (died 1897)
October 3 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian poet (died 1841)
November 6 – William Wells Brown, African-American writer (died 1884)
December 27 – Jules Simon, French philosopher (died 1896)

Deaths

January 4 – Johann Georg Jacobi, German poet (born 1740)
January 21 – Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, French novelist and travel writer (born 1737)
January 27 – Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (born 1762)^[14]
February 24 – Julien Louis Geoffroy, French literary critic (born 1743)
February 27 – Margaret Bingham, English poet and painter (born 1740)
April 12 – Charles Burney, English music historian and musician (born 1726)
July 25 – Charles Dibdin, English novelist, playwright and actor (born 1745)
September 5 – Gottfried Gabriel Bredow, German historian (born 1773)
October 4 – Samuel Jackson Pratt, English poet, playwright and novelist (born 1749)^[15]
November 10 – Abbé Aubert, French dramatist, poet and journalist (born 1731)
December 2 – Marquis de Sade, French philosopher, writer and politician (born 1740)^[16]

Awards

Newdigate Prize – John Leycester Adolphus^[17]

References

^ Valentinovna Barkhatova, Williams, Elena, Paul (1995). The National Library of Russia, 1795-1995. pp. 10–18. ISBN 9785874170158.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Shakespeare in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. 2012. p. 371. ISBN 9780521518246.
^ Jones, Neal T., ed. (1984). A Book of Days for the Literary Year. London; New York: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-01332-2.
^ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
^ "Waverley". Walter Scott. Edinburgh University Library. 2011-12-19. Archived from the original on 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
^ History of a Six Weeks' Tour.
^ Carruth, Gorton (1993). The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates (9th ed.). HarperCollins.
^ "Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress". Library of Congress. 2006-03-06. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 246–247. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
^ Alfred de Vigny (1914). Lettres inédites de Alfred de Vigny au marquis et à la marquise de La Grange (1827-1861) pub. L. Conard. p. vi.
^ "BBC - History - Jane Austen". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
^ Robert Henry Mair (1869). Debrett's Illustrated House of Commons and the Judicial Bench. Dean & Son. p. 87.
^ The Bookman. Hodder and Stoughton. 1913. p. 265.
^ Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Fichte, Johann Gottlieb" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
^ Day, Gary; Lynch, Jack (9 March 2015). The Encyclopedia of British Literature, 3 Volume Set: 1660 - 1789. John Wiley & Sons. p. 922. ISBN 978-1-4443-3020-5.
^ Lever, Maurice (1993). Marquis de Sade, a biography. Translated by Goldhammer, Arthur. London: Harper Collins. pp. 563–564. ISBN 0-246-13666-9.
^ Niobe: a prize poem, recited in the Theatre, Oxford, in the year MDCCXIV

[1] Valentinovna Barkhatova, Williams, Elena, Paul (1995). The National Library of Russia, 1795-1995. pp. 10–18. ISBN 9785874170158.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] Shakespeare in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. 2012. p. 371. ISBN 9780521518246.

[3] Jones, Neal T., ed. (1984). A Book of Days for the Literary Year. London; New York: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-01332-2.

[4] Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.

[5] "Waverley". Walter Scott. Edinburgh University Library. 2011-12-19. Archived from the original on 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-29.

[6] History of a Six Weeks' Tour.

[gceafd-7] Carruth, Gorton (1993). The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates (9th ed.). HarperCollins.

[8] "Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress". Library of Congress. 2006-03-06. Retrieved 2020-07-01.

[9] Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 246–247. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.

[10] Alfred de Vigny (1914). Lettres inédites de Alfred de Vigny au marquis et à la marquise de La Grange (1827-1861) pub. L. Conard. p. vi.

[11] "BBC - History - Jane Austen". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2019.

[12] Robert Henry Mair (1869). Debrett's Illustrated House of Commons and the Judicial Bench. Dean & Son. p. 87.

[13] The Bookman. Hodder and Stoughton. 1913. p. 265.

[14] Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Fichte, Johann Gottlieb" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

[15] Day, Gary; Lynch, Jack (9 March 2015). The Encyclopedia of British Literature, 3 Volume Set: 1660 - 1789. John Wiley & Sons. p. 922. ISBN 978-1-4443-3020-5.

[16] Lever, Maurice (1993). Marquis de Sade, a biography. Translated by Goldhammer, Arthur. London: Harper Collins. pp. 563–564. ISBN 0-246-13666-9.

[17] Niobe: a prize poem, recited in the Theatre, Oxford, in the year MDCCXIV

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